Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and US shipped 21.2 million tonnes of oil to Israel during Gaza offensive, risking genocide complicity, report finds.
BELÉM, BRAZIL: Twenty-five countries have been accused of complicity in the Gaza war through oil shipments to Israel during its two-year offensive.
A new report by Oil Change International reveals these nations supplied 323 shipments totaling 21.2 million tonnes of crude and refined petroleum products between November 2023 and October 2025.
Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan were the largest crude suppliers, accounting for 70% of shipments.
Russia, Greece and the United States were the top providers of refined petroleum products.
The US stood out as the sole supplier of JP-8, a jet-fuel blend designed specifically for military aircraft.
“States risk becoming complicit in genocide under international law, under the Genocide Convention,” said Shady Khalil of Oil Change International.
The report titled “Behind the Barrel” was released at the UN climate summit in Brazil.
It connects the fossil fuel system driving climate change with enabling conflict in Gaza.
The conflict began in October 2023 when a Hamas attack killed 1,221 people in Israel, mostly civilians.
Israel’s retaliatory campaign has killed more than 69,000 Palestinians, according to Gaza’s health ministry.
A UN Commission has concluded Israel has committed genocide in Gaza.
The International Court of Justice has ruled Israel’s continued presence in occupied Palestinian territory unlawful.
Irene Pietropaoli of the British Institute of International and Comparative Law said states must follow ICJ orders to “prevent and punish genocide.”
“States must consider that their military or other assistance to Israel’s military operations in Gaza may put them at risk of being complicit in genocide,” she stated.
When asked about differentiating civilian versus military oil use, Ana Sanchez Mera of Global Energy Embargo for Palestine called it “one system of settler colonial occupation.”
She cited Israel’s electricity grid, partially coal-powered, connecting both Israel and illegally occupied Palestinian lands.
Colombia formally suspended coal exports to Israel in August 2024.
Brazil last sent oil directly to Israel in March 2024, though union leaders claim possible rerouting via Italy. – AFP
